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  • Degenerative Spondylolisthesis

    This is the most common type and occurs with aging and arthritic changes in the vertebral joints.

  • Isthmic Spondylolisthesis

    This type is seen mostly in children and adolescents and is related to sports activity. Small stress fractures develop in the pars interarticularis, a segment of bone between the facet joints at the back of the vertebrae, which can lead to spondylolisthesis.

  • Congenital Spondylolisthesis

    This type is seen at birth and is the result of abnormal bone formation while in the womb.

  • Traumatic Spondylolisthesis

    This type occurs due to a direct trauma or injury to the spine as in contact sports or motor vehicle accidents.

  • Pathological Spondylolisthesis

    This occurs as a result of weakening of the spine due to osteoporosis, infection, or tumour.

  • Postsurgical Spondylolisthesis

    This type is very rare and occurs due to slippage of the disc as a result of spine surgery.

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